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SAFE agreement template

A SAFE (simple agreement for future equity) lets an investor put money into a startup now in exchange for shares later, usually at the next priced round. This template is a post-money SAFE with a valuation cap and an optional discount, with a plain-language note beside every section.

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What is a SAFE agreement, and why does it matter?

A SAFE is a contract in which an investor pays a startup now and receives the right to shares later, when the company raises a priced round, is sold or goes public. It is not debt: there is no interest and no maturity date. Y Combinator introduced the SAFE in 2013 as a simpler alternative to convertible notes, and it has since become the most common way for US startups to raise pre-seed and seed money.

Two numbers set the deal. The valuation cap is the highest company valuation at which the investor's money converts, so an investor who backs a company early still gets a good price if the company's value rises quickly. The discount, if there is one, gives the investor a percentage off the price paid by investors in the priced round. The investor converts at whichever price is better for it.

Since 2018 most SAFEs are post-money: the cap is measured after all SAFEs convert. That lets founders and investors work out the investor's ownership on the day they sign, roughly the purchase amount divided by the cap. The trade-off is that each additional SAFE dilutes the founders rather than the earlier SAFE holders, so founders should keep a running total of everything they have raised on SAFEs.

When to use this template

  • You are raising a pre-seed or seed round from angels or early funds and don't want to set a priced valuation yet.
  • You are closing investors one at a time, as each commits, rather than all on one date.
  • You need a bridge of new money before a priced round that is already being negotiated.
  • Your investors are accredited and expect a standard post-money SAFE with a valuation cap.

When it is not the right document

  • A priced round. Selling preferred stock at a set price needs a stock purchase agreement and an amended certificate of incorporation.
  • An LLC or a company formed outside the US. A SAFE converts into corporate stock, and other countries' company and securities laws differ; Y Combinator publishes separate forms for Canada, the Cayman Islands and Singapore.
  • A right to crypto tokens. That needs a token agreement such as a SAFT, or a token warrant alongside the SAFE.
  • Investors who are not accredited. Raising from the public generally needs a registered offering or a crowdfunding platform.

The SAFE agreement template, section by section

The full text is on the left. Beside each section is a plain-language note on what it does and what to decide before you send it. Words in [brackets] are blanks you fill in.

Simple Agreement for Future Equity (Post-Money SAFE)

This instrument, and any shares issued under it, have not been registered under federal or state securities laws. They may not be sold, pledged or otherwise transferred unless they are registered or an exemption from registration applies.

In exchange for the payment by [Investor's legal name] (the "Investor") of [Purchase amount] (the "Purchase Amount") on or about [Date of the SAFE], [Company's legal name], a [State of incorporation] corporation (the "Company"), issues to the Investor the right to certain shares of the Company's capital stock, on the terms of this Simple Agreement for Future Equity (this "Safe").

The Post-Money Valuation Cap is [Post-money valuation cap]. The Discount is [Discount]. If the Discount is stated as None, no Discount applies and the Conversion Price is the Safe Price.

1. Equity financing

If there is an Equity Financing before this Safe ends, then at the initial closing of the Equity Financing this Safe will automatically convert into the number of shares of Safe Preferred Stock equal to the Purchase Amount divided by the Conversion Price.

As part of that conversion, the Investor will sign the agreements that the other investors in the Equity Financing sign, changed only to reflect the Safe Preferred Stock, provided that those agreements ask no more of the Investor than they ask of the other investors.

2. Liquidity event

If there is a Liquidity Event before this Safe ends, the Investor will automatically be entitled, subject to the liquidation priority below, to receive the greater of (a) the Purchase Amount (the "Cash-Out Amount") and (b) the amount payable on the number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Purchase Amount divided by the Liquidity Price (the "Conversion Amount").

If the money and property available to pay the Investor and the holders of other Safes and preferred stock is not enough to pay their Cash-Out Amounts in full, it will be shared among them in proportion to the full amounts owed to each.

3. Dissolution event

If there is a Dissolution Event before this Safe ends, the Investor will automatically be entitled, subject to the liquidation priority below, to receive an amount equal to the Purchase Amount, payable immediately before the Dissolution Event is completed.

4. Liquidation priority

In a Liquidity Event or a Dissolution Event, the Investor's right to receive its Cash-Out Amount or the Purchase Amount is:

(a) junior to payment of the Company's outstanding debt and the claims of its creditors;

(b) on a par with payments for other Safes and for preferred stock, as described in the section on liquidity events; and

(c) senior to payments for Common Stock.

The Investor's right to the Conversion Amount ranks on a par with Common Stock, as if the Investor held those shares.

5. Termination

This Safe ends, and the Company's obligations under it are fully met, when (a) shares are issued to the Investor under the section on equity financing, or (b) the Company pays, or sets aside for payment, the amount due to the Investor under the section on liquidity events or the section on dissolution events.

6. Definitions

In this Safe:

(a) "Equity Financing" means a genuine transaction or series of transactions, with the main purpose of raising capital, in which the Company issues and sells Preferred Stock at a fixed valuation.

(b) "Standard Preferred Stock" means the series of Preferred Stock issued to the investors who invest new money in the Company at the initial closing of the Equity Financing.

(c) "Safe Preferred Stock" means a series of Preferred Stock with the same rights, privileges, preferences and restrictions as the Standard Preferred Stock, except that its liquidation preference per share, and any price used to calculate its conversion and dividend rights, is the Conversion Price.

(d) "Conversion Price" means the lower of the Safe Price and, if a Discount applies, the Discount Price.

(e) "Safe Price" means the Post-Money Valuation Cap divided by the Company Capitalization.

(f) "Discount Price" means the price per share of the Standard Preferred Stock multiplied by the difference between 100% and the Discount (for a 20% Discount, by 80%).

(g) "Company Capitalization" means, as of immediately before the Equity Financing and without counting anything twice, the total of (i) all shares of the Company's capital stock issued and outstanding, counting preferred stock as if converted into Common Stock; (ii) all shares issuable under outstanding options, warrants and promised options; (iii) all Converting Securities, including this Safe, as if converted; and (iv) all shares reserved and available for future grant under any equity incentive plan, but not any increase to that reserve made in connection with the Equity Financing.

(h) "Converting Securities" means this Safe, other Safes, convertible promissory notes and other securities convertible into the Company's capital stock, other than options and warrants.

(i) "Liquidity Event" means a Change of Control, a Direct Listing or an Initial Public Offering.

(j) "Change of Control" means (i) any person or group becoming the owner of more than half of the Company's outstanding voting securities that elect directors; (ii) a merger or consolidation after which the Company's voting stockholders from before it hold less than half of the voting power of the surviving company; or (iii) a sale of all or substantially all of the Company's assets.

(k) "Initial Public Offering" means the closing of the Company's first firm-commitment underwritten public offering of Common Stock, and "Direct Listing" means the Company's first listing of Common Stock on a national securities exchange without an underwritten offering.

(l) "Liquidity Price" means the Post-Money Valuation Cap divided by the Liquidity Capitalization, which is the Company Capitalization calculated as of immediately before the Liquidity Event, but without the shares reserved and still available for future grant under any equity incentive plan.

(m) "Dissolution Event" means a voluntary end to the Company's operations, a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or any other liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, voluntary or not, other than a Liquidity Event.

(n) "Safe" means any simple agreement for future equity issued by the Company to raise capital, including this one.

7. Company representations

The Company represents to the Investor that:

(a) it is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its state of incorporation, with the power to carry on its business as it is now conducted;

(b) signing, delivering and performing this Safe is within the Company's powers, has been authorized by its board of directors, and makes this Safe a valid obligation of the Company, enforceable under its terms except as limited by bankruptcy and similar laws and by general principles of equity;

(c) signing and performing this Safe does not violate the Company's certificate of incorporation or bylaws, any law or court order that applies to it, or any material agreement it is party to;

(d) no consent or approval of any government authority is needed for the Company to sign and perform this Safe, other than filings under securities laws; and

(e) to its knowledge, the Company owns or has the right to use the intellectual property it needs to carry on its business as now conducted, without infringing the rights of others.

8. Investor representations

The Investor represents to the Company that:

(a) it has full power and authority to sign and perform this Safe, and this Safe is a valid obligation of the Investor;

(b) it is an accredited investor as defined in the rules of the US Securities and Exchange Commission, or otherwise eligible to acquire this Safe under the securities laws that apply to it;

(c) it is acquiring this Safe for its own account, for investment, and not with a view to selling or distributing it;

(d) it understands that this Safe and any shares issued under it are not registered, may have to be held indefinitely, and can be resold only if registered or exempt from registration; and

(e) it has the knowledge and experience in financial and business matters to evaluate this investment, can bear the loss of the entire Purchase Amount, and has had the chance to ask the Company questions and get answers.

9. No stockholder rights

Until shares are issued to the Investor under this Safe, the Investor is not a stockholder of the Company because of this Safe. It has no right to vote, to receive dividends, to receive notice of stockholder meetings, or to consent to any corporate action as a stockholder.

10. Transfers

Neither party may transfer this Safe, or any right under it, without the other party's written consent, except that the Investor may transfer it to an affiliate, including a fund managed by the same investment manager, and the Company may transfer it as part of a reincorporation that changes only its state of incorporation. Any transfer must comply with securities laws.

11. Amendments and waivers

Any term of this Safe may be amended or waived with the written consent of the Company and either (a) the Investor, or (b) the holders of a majority of the total Purchase Amounts of all Safes with the same Post-Money Valuation Cap and Discount as this Safe, provided that the change applies to all of those Safes in the same way.

12. Tax treatment

The Company and the Investor intend that this Safe be treated as stock for US federal and state income tax purposes, and will not take a position inconsistent with that treatment on any tax return or in any tax proceeding unless required by law.

13. General terms

The laws of [State of incorporation] govern this Safe, without regard to its rules on conflicts of law.

This Safe is the whole agreement between the parties about its subject. If a court finds part of it unenforceable, the rest remains in effect.

Notices under this Safe must be in writing and may be sent by email to the address each party has given the other for that purpose.

The Company is not a fiduciary of the Investor because of this Safe.

The parties may sign this Safe electronically and in separate copies, which together form one agreement.

The Company and the Investor have signed this Safe on the date stated above.

Company

SignatureDate

Name

Title

Investor

SignatureDate

Name

Title

Check before you send it

A template cannot know your state, your industry or your deal. These are the points most likely to need a change, and the ones to raise with a lawyer.

  • Board approval. Have the board authorize the SAFEs, usually by written consent, before the first one is signed.
  • Securities law. Confirm each investor is accredited, and check the filings that apply. Many raises under the SEC's private-offering rules need a Form D notice within 15 days after the first sale, and some states want a notice filing too.
  • Dilution. Model the conversion before you sign. With post-money SAFEs every new SAFE dilutes the founders, not the earlier SAFE holders, and the unissued option pool counts toward the share count.
  • Pro rata and other side rights. If an investor wants the right to invest in the next round, or regular updates, put it in a separate signed side letter.
  • The standard form. Many investors expect Y Combinator's post-money SAFE, which YC publishes free. If an investor asks for it, compare it with this text and use the one both sides prefer.
  • Tax. Ask a tax adviser how the SAFE affects holding periods and the small-business stock exclusion if either matters to you.

How to send it with SignThis

  1. Fill in the blanks. Choose "Send this for signature". After a short sign-up you are asked for the details: names, dates, amounts. Anything you skip stays a blank line.
  2. Add who signs. Add the Company and Investor, in that order, with their email addresses.
  3. Place the blocks. Detect fields puts signature, date and name blocks on the signing lines. Add a Text block on any blank you want a signer to fill in.
  4. Send. Each person gets a private link and signs in their browser. When the last one signs, everyone receives the sealed PDF and its audit certificate.

To change the wording first, download the Word file, edit it, save it as a PDF and upload that instead.

Questions about the SAFE agreement template

What is the difference between a pre-money and a post-money SAFE?

In a pre-money SAFE the cap is measured before the SAFEs convert, so each new SAFE dilutes every earlier SAFE holder as well as the founders, and nobody knows their ownership until the round. In a post-money SAFE the cap includes all SAFEs, so each investor's ownership is fixed at signing and later SAFEs dilute only the founders. Post-money is now the usual form.

What is a valuation cap on a SAFE?

It is the maximum valuation at which the SAFE converts. If the priced round values the company above the cap, the SAFE investor converts at the cap price instead, so it gets more shares than the new investors get for the same money. If the round is below the cap, the cap does not apply and the round price, less any discount, is used.

Can a SAFE have both a valuation cap and a discount?

Yes. This template takes both, and the investor converts at whichever price is lower. Y Combinator's current forms offer a cap only, a discount only, or neither with a most-favored-nation clause, so a SAFE with both is less standard. Write None in the discount for the common cap-only version.

Does a SAFE have an interest rate or a maturity date?

No. That is the main difference from a convertible note, which is a loan that accrues interest and falls due on a set date. A SAFE simply waits for a priced round, a sale or a shutdown, and the investor has no right to demand repayment in the meantime.

How do pro rata rights work with a SAFE?

Pro rata rights let an investor buy more shares in a later round to keep its percentage. They are not in the SAFE itself. They are usually granted in a short side letter signed with the SAFE, and typically apply only to the round in which the SAFE converts. Grant them sparingly, because they take up room in your next round.